歐洲下一代鐵路移動通信系統進入實驗室集成測試階段

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歐洲鐵路行業已進入未來鐵路移動通信系統（簡稱FRMCS）的實驗室集成階段。這套基于5G的通信系統旨在取代現有的GSM-R鐵路專網，現場測試計劃于2027年啟動。愛立信、諾基亞、康特龍三家企業分別運營的實驗室正開展集成調試工作，各廠商設備將在此完成兼容性測試，并核驗是否符合最新版FRMCS技術規范。

該測試項目覆蓋車載無線電臺、調度系統、5G通信網絡以及關鍵任務通信業務。工程將對語音通話、鐵路應急呼叫，以及ETCS、列車自動駕駛、列車監控系統所需的數據交互功能開展測試。實驗室還將驗證不同廠商設備間的互通性，同時測試FRMCS與現有GSM-R系統的協同適配能力，以此保障鐵路運營不間斷、平穩完成新舊系統分步遷移。

本項目聯盟單位已基于2.2版本FRMCS規范，發布一套通用系統測試用例，覆蓋車載設備、軌旁設備，以及系統各組件間的對接接口。實網試運行籌備工作同步推進。西班牙ADIF公司、德國DB InfraGO、荷蘭ProRail、瑞典Trafikverket等路網管理機構，已在選定線路上架設通信桿塔、加裝車載設備并部署5G關鍵任務通信設備。包含跨境運行場景在內的實地試驗預計2027年正式開啟。

原文如下=>

Europe’s rail sector has entered the laboratory integration phase for FRMCS, the 5G-based communication system intended to replace GSM-R, with field trials planned from 2027.

Integration work is under way at three laboratories operated by Ericsson, Nokia and Kontron, where equipment from different suppliers will be tested for compatibility and compliance with the latest FRMCS specifications.

The programme covers onboard radios, dispatcher systems, 5G networks and Mission Critical communication. Engineers will test voice services, railway emergency calls and the exchange of data for ETCS, automated train operation and train control and monitoring systems.

The laboratories will also examine interoperability between suppliers and the interaction of FRMCS with the existing GSM-R system. This is intended to support a gradual migration without interrupting railway operations.

The consortium has published a common set of system test cases based on FRMCS version 2.2. These cover onboard and trackside equipment as well as the interfaces connecting individual parts of the system.

Preparations for operational trials are progressing in parallel. Infrastructure managers ADIF, DB InfraGO, ProRail and Trafikverket are installing masts, onboard equipment and 5G Mission Critical technology on selected railway lines. Field testing, including cross-border scenarios, is expected to begin in 2027.

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